What to Expect in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy

Baby’s Development in the Second Trimester

Your baby undergoes incredible growth and development during these weeks:

• Weeks 13-16: Your baby’s facial features are more defined, and they can start making facial expressions. By the end of this period, your baby is about the size of an avocado.

• Weeks 17-20: You may feel your baby’s first movements, often described as flutters. The baby’s gender can often be determined via ultrasound. By Week 20, your baby is about the size of a banana.

• Weeks 21-26: Your baby begins developing more fat and muscle, and their movements become stronger. They also start responding to sounds outside the womb. By Week 26, your baby is about the size of a head of lettuce.

Changes in Your Body

The second trimester brings a mix of physical changes, many of which are more comfortable than the challenges of the first trimester.

Physical Symptoms

• Growing Belly: Your baby bump becomes more noticeable as your uterus expands.

• Increased Energy: Many women feel less fatigued compared to the first trimester.

• Round Ligament Pain: As your uterus grows, you may feel sharp pains or discomfort in your lower abdomen.

• Skin Changes: Stretch marks, a dark line down your belly (linea nigra), and a "pregnancy glow" are common.

• Breast Growth: Your breasts may continue to grow and feel fuller as they prepare for breastfeeding.

• Heartburn and Indigestion: As your uterus pushes against your stomach, you might experience digestive discomfort.

• Leg Cramps: You may feel sudden cramps, especially at night, due to changes in blood circulation and pressure.

Emotional Changes

• Many women feel more emotionally balanced in the second trimester.

• Excitement often grows as the pregnancy becomes more visible, and you may start planning for the baby’s arrival.

What You Can Do in the Second Trimester

Focus on Health

• Eat Nutrient-Rich Foods: Focus on iron, calcium, and protein to support your growing baby and your own health.

• Stay Active: Low-impact exercises like walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga can keep you fit and improve circulation.

• Stay Hydrated: Aim for at least 8-10 glasses of water daily.

Medical Care

• Mid-Pregnancy Ultrasound: Typically performed around Week 20, this scan checks your baby’s growth, anatomy, and overall health.

• Glucose Screening: Around Week 24-28, you’ll undergo testing for gestational diabetes.

• Blood Pressure Monitoring: Regular check-ups will ensure your blood pressure remains healthy.

Prepare for Baby

• Start Planning the Nursery: Use this time to set up the baby’s room and gather essentials.

• Take a Prenatal Class: Begin learning about childbirth, breastfeeding, and newborn care.

Address Discomfort

• Heartburn Relief: Eat smaller meals, avoid spicy foods, and don’t lie down immediately after eating.

• Leg Cramps: Stretch your calves before bed and stay hydrated to prevent cramps.

• Comfortable Sleep: A pregnancy pillow can help support your growing belly and improve sleep quality.

Milestones to Look Forward To

• Feeling Baby Movements: Around Weeks 18-22, many women feel their baby’s kicks and movements, a thrilling milestone.

• Bonding Through Ultrasound: The mid-pregnancy ultrasound provides a detailed look at your baby, making the experience more real and exciting.

• Announcing Your Pregnancy: If you haven’t already, many women choose to share their news during this trimester.

When to Call Your Doctor

While the second trimester is generally easier than the first, some symptoms require immediate medical attention:

• Severe or persistent abdominal pain

• Vaginal bleeding or fluid leakage

• Sudden or severe swelling in the hands, feet, or face

• Severe headaches or vision changes

• Signs of preterm labor, such as regular contractions or pressure

Final Thoughts

The second trimester is a time of growth and anticipation, as both you and your baby prepare for the next stages of pregnancy. Take this opportunity to enjoy your increased energy, focus on staying healthy, and bond with your growing baby. As you head into the third trimester, you'll be that much closer to meeting your little one!

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/pregnancy-week-by-week/in-depth/pregnancy/art-20047732?utm

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/16092-pregnancy-second-trimester?utm

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/the-second-trimester?utm

https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/second-trimester?utm

>> Learn what to expect as you move into the third trimester <<